LVM分区扩容

应用场景：

新增一块20G硬盘，将/data目录容量扩容至40G

1 创建新磁盘分区

$ parted /dev/sdc

GNU Parted 3.1
使用 /dev/sdc
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
# 设置标识
(parted) mklabel gpt                                                    
# 设置分区
(parted) mkpart                                                         
# 设置分区名称为分区1
分区名称？  []? 1                                                       
# 设置文件系统类型为ext4
文件系统类型？  [ext2]? ext4                                            
# 设置分区容量为20G
起始点？ 0                                                              
结束点？ 20G                                                            
警告: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
# 忽略错误
忽略/Ignore/放弃/Cancel? ignore                                         
# 查询分区
(parted) p                                                              
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name  标志
 1      17.4kB  20.0GB  20.0GB               q
# 退出分区配置
(parted) quit                                                           
信息: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

2 创建PV，加入原有VG组

2.1 创建PV

$ pvcreate /dev/sdc1

  Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created.

2.2 加入vgdata VG组

$ vgextend vgdata /dev/sdc1

  Volume group "vgdata" successfully extended

2.3 查询VG组容量，此时vgdata VG组为37.25 G

$ vgdisplay

  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vgdata
  System ID           
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        2
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                1
  Open LV               1
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               37.25 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              9536
  Alloc PE / Size       4768 / 18.62 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       4768 / 18.62 GiB
  VG UUID               0sxWp5-DmBB-GMZV-uEim-Av9j-0i9U-Np0Kb1

2.4 查询LV容量，此时LV容量为18.62G

$ lvdisplay

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vgdata/lv-data
  LV Name                lv-data
  VG Name                vgdata
  LV UUID                RDgp1l-1CNo-dhCg-cktx-Gdpa-WfGU-j7xEvL
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time centos7_4, 2022-12-07 16:41:08 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                18.62 GiB
  Current LE             4768
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:2

3. 扩容VG组所有容量给LV

$ lvextend -r -l +100%FREE /dev/vgdata/lv-data

  Size of logical volume vgdata/lv-data changed from 18.62 GiB (4768 extents) to 37.25 GiB (9536 extents).
  Logical volume vgdata/lv-data successfully resized.
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/vgdata-lv--data is mounted on /data; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 3, new_desc_blocks = 5
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vgdata-lv--data is now 9764864 blocks long.

4. 验证

此时/data目录容量为37.3G

$ lsblk

NAME                MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda                   8:0    0   40G  0 disk 
├─sda1                8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─sda2                8:2    0   39G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root     253:0    0   37G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap     253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb                   8:16   0   20G  0 disk 
└─sdb1                8:17   0 18.6G  0 part 
  └─vgdata-lv--data 253:2    0 37.3G  0 lvm  /data
sdc                   8:32   0   20G  0 disk 
└─sdc1                8:33   0 18.6G  0 part 
  └─vgdata-lv--data 253:2    0 37.3G  0 lvm  /data
sr0                  11:0    1  4.4G  0 rom

5. 扩容指定大小容量

5.1 查询文件系统类型

$ df -Th

文件系统                    类型      容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs                    devtmpfs  1.9G     0  1.9G    0% /dev
tmpfs                       tmpfs     1.9G     0  1.9G    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                       tmpfs     1.9G   12M  1.9G    1% /run
tmpfs                       tmpfs     1.9G     0  1.9G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root     xfs        37G  9.6G   28G   26% /
/dev/sda1                   xfs      1014M  151M  864M   15% /boot
/dev/mapper/vgdata-lv--data ext4       37G   48M   35G    1% /data
tmpfs                       tmpfs     378M     0  378M    0% /run/user/0

5.2 将LV扩容，增加5G

$ lvextend -L +5G /dev/vgdata/lv-data

5.3 刷新文件系统

$ resize2fs /dev/vgdata/lv-data

文件系统类型为ext4使用resize2fs命令，如果文件系统类型为xfs则使用xfs_growfs命令

$ xfs_growfs /dev/vgdata/lv-data